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Globus pallidus (GPi) – effective for tremor, slowness, rigidity, dystonia and dyskinesia. It is often used to treat essential tremor. Most commonly used to treat Parkinson's disease. Subthalamic nucleus (STN) – effective for tremor, slowness, rigidity, dystonia and dyskinesia. DBS of specific ganglia alters the abnormal electrical circuits and helps stabilize the feedback loops, thus reducing symptoms.Įlectrodes can be placed in the following brain areas (Fig 2): Normal movement is replaced by tremor, rigidity and stiffness. In Parkinson’s, parts of the basal ganglia are either under- or over-stimulated.
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The basal ganglia are responsible for activating and inhibiting these feedback loops. Normal muscle tone, movement, timing, and coordination depend on complex electrical circuits or feedback loops in the brain. Typically, DBS will help make your symptoms less severe so that lower medication doses may be used.įigure 2. Unlike other surgeries, such as pallidotomy or thalamotomy, DBS does not damage the brain tissue. Thus, if better treatments develop in the future, the DBS procedure can be reversed.ĭBS is very effective at reducing dyskinesias, the uncontrolled wiggling movements caused by high doses of levadopa medication. The stimulation settings can be adjusted as a patient's condition changes over time. The doctor programs the stimulator settings with a wireless device. The patient uses a handheld controller to turn the DBS system on and off.
#Thebrain 9 software skin
It is placed under the skin and runs from the scalp, behind the ear, down the neck, and to the chest.